This is fascinating:
In his recent book, The Italian Job, [Gianluca] Vialli touches on the issue of the contrasting conditions he encountered while playing in England and his native Italy, with intriguing results.
The prolific striker, who had spells with Cremonese, Sampdoria and Juventus in his homeland before finishing his career in the English Premier League with Chelsea, suggests wind actually affects everything in football.
He claims it has a huge impact on the standard of football, the way players develop and the way they train. And that, he claims, is the major reason why his countrymen in Italy are often seen as being more technically gifted than players in England.
“I commissioned a bit of research, and what I discovered may shatter a few myths,” Vialli explains.
“I looked at three English cities (London, Birmingham and Manchester) and three Italian cities (Milan, Turin and Rome) and evaluated data on average temperature, wind speed, rainfall and hours of sunshine per month.”
“The research showed clearly there was no substantial difference in temperature and that it rained more in Turin than in London.”
“So why did it feel colder in London? The answer came when I looked at wind speeds. The average monthly wind speed in the three English cities was 15.3 kilometres per hour, compared with 10.3kph in the Italian cities.”
“That meant that in England the wind blew some 50 per cent harder than in Italy - a substantial difference. And if we exclude the non-footballing summer months, the gap increases. The average in Manchester, Birmingham and London is 15.6kph while in Milan, Turin and Rome it is just 10.1kph.”
“I felt vindicated. It supported what I had suspected for a long time - that wind, more than any other climatic factor, influences the development of a footballer.”
“It seems basic and simplistic but it is an absolutely huge factor. And it is not just something that affects young players - it has an impact on how a team trains and therefore how it plays, even at professional level.”
The theory goes that a higher wind speed, which in turn makes the air feel colder, has a distinct impact, most notably on training methods.
In countries with a high wind speed, such as England, the need to keep players warm means there is little time for improving technique or stopping a training game to highlight a tactical issue.
Vialli also suggests the wind affects youngsters learning the game, with the need to keep moving in order to stay warm preventing them from stopping to perfect their volleying or shooting technique.
“The wind makes everything feel colder. You don’t want to do a shooting drill or individual ball work when players spend lots of time standing around. You want to keep them moving so their muscles stay loose,” he continues.
“I have clear memories of standing on a training pitch in Italy as the coaches explained what they wanted us to do tactically in excruciating detail. We would play for around 30 seconds, then everything would stop and they would explain it again if someone had made a mistake or didn’t make a crisp enough run.”
“All of this, of course, was in addition to the time we spent in front of the blackboard. This type of tactical work gave us a base in terms of movement and reading the game. In England the wind makes it impossible to replicate that kind of work.”
Vialli’s theory makes sense, and gets some support from the likes of Fabio Cappello. I wonder whether higher winds also affect style by making long balls more unpredictable and therefore dangerous for defences.
Anyway, you might think that less time spent working through tactics outdoors in the more windblown nations would mean more time spent doing so indoors. Apparently not: here’s a bit from Brian Kerr’s recent article in the Irish Times about his stint as Ireland manager (text from boards.ie):
Another concern for me with the new regime is the downgrading of video analysis. For all the best federations this is a critical element in match preparation. I was criticised for giving it emphasis but when I was coach the longest video session we ever had was 20 minutes.
Unfortunately, the players’ concentration time is quite limited and that was their limit. Whose fault that was I don’t know, but everything had to be fine-tuned to really tight versions of the trends in the game so they could stick it.
Twenty minutes, FFS. And I can’t imagine that’s got any higher under the insightful leadership of Stan Staunton.
Last point: if Vialli is right, then isn’t high average winds a natural handicap of the sort that should be compensated when handing out trophies and the like? Clearly, the answer must be a resounding ‘Yes’, and a quick perusal of the relevant data suggests that Ireland is especially hamstrung in this area, so much so that the superficially average nature of our general level of performance starts to look like a sustained record of sporting brilliance.